Animal Learning and Evolution
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Evolution and animal welfare.
Animal welfare is a topic often thought to reside outside mainstream biology. The complexity of the methods used to assess welfare (such as health, physiology, immunological state, and behavior) require an understanding of a wide range of biological phenomena. Furthermore, the "welfare" of an animal provides a framework in which a diversity of its responses can be understood as fitness-enhancin...
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Red foxes that have been selected since 1959 for tameness to humans show some of the sociocognitive abilities of domestic dogs, raising questions for theories of the evolution of cognition.
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EARLY ANIMAL EVOLUTION Evolution: Oxygen and early animals
O nce upon a time – between 800 and 550 million years ago – the increasing levels of oxygen in the environment enabled animals to start evolving into the diverse life-forms that inhabit the Earth today (Lyons et al., 2014). Energetically speaking, life with oxygen is better than life without: a given amount of glucose processed in the presence of oxygen produces 18 times as much energy as the s...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nature
سال: 1945
ISSN: 0028-0836,1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/156046a0